Recommendations
Our recommendations for both NASA and the contractors include:
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More effective advertising and public relations to generate awareness and
support for engineering and the aerospace business
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More lobbying for congressional funding to increase NASA budget which would
allow for increased salaries and incentive opportunities for employees
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More incentives for staying in the aerospace field given whenever possible
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More education programs targeting K-12 and educators that relate specifically
to technology and engineering careers
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More subsidized continuing education programs for engineers currently employed
in the business
The purpose of increased public relations and advertising would be
to increase the number of young people considering engineering studies
and to increase congressional support for the aerospace contract.
Key characteristics include:
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Improving NASA television to include more media savvy programming
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Promoting NASA materials (videos, books, cds) in the national public library
system (currently NASA is one of the few government agencies that does
not use the public library system as a repository of information)
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Better advertising of NASA Open Houses
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Better advertising and PR regarding NASA Spinoffs and relating the development
of new technologies to the common person
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Continuing and increasing contractor lobbying efforts in Washington and
at the state level
Better publicity for the space program in general will help inform the
general public about the usefulness of the program not only to their daily
lives but in keeping America competitive in the international marketplace.
By affecting public opinion NASA can help increase the number of taxpayers
who are vocal to their representatives about funding the space program.
Without congressional support of the program the funding will be decreased,
salaries will continue to go down and more engineers will turn to other
professions.
In addition, new students entering the profession will be discouraged
at low starting salaries and choose more lucrative jobs. Better promotion
of the aerospace industry will also encourage young people still in school
to consider engineering as a career. Many students today do not know
what an engineer is or what the job entails.
Better paying jobs attract more employees and keep them. We can
see no disadvantages to this plan except an inital cost which must fall
on the contractors. However the recent success of such efforts this
past year and the small but significant increase in NASA funding has directly
correlated to more jobs and asmall increase in salaries. Based on
the National Science Funding research most Americans receive their news
through television, the media, newspapers and through their computers.
Therefore the more effective use of public relations via the media and
through the pubic library system for example (where many people use computers,
read and rent videos) can only help to increase public support of the program.
The purpose of incentive programs is to motivate employees to remain
loyal to an employer and encourage them to perform at a high level and
not consider options to leave. Key characteristics of incentive recommendations
include:
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More regular invitations to space shuttle launches for workers honored
for excellence and recognized for performance and longevity
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Opportunities to volunteer for high level experiential opportunities like
the KC-135 (zero-gravity) plane
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Opportunities to participate in flight simulator runs and special media
events (like film premieres)
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More aerospace contractor companies should offer stock options for employees
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Continuing educational opportunities for employees
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Child care opportunities for contractors (NASA JSC just recently implemented
an on-site child care facility but does not yet subsidize it)
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Family passes to Space center Houston, Moody Gardens and the Houston Museum
of Natural Science (all NASA partners)
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More flexible hours and the ability to work from home
More incentive program will help attract new employees and hopefully help
to retain them. It is hard to compete with the Silicon Valley and
Austin incentive packages but there are certain things that only NASA can
offer such as experiential privileges (such as launch invitations, simulators
rides, etc.) that could be quite attractive to the right employee.
One engineer interviewed noted that after over 20 years of service to the
shuttle program they had never seen a launch but had recieved many meaningless
plaques. One of the major causes identified for engineers choosing
other companies to work for or leaving NASA was the lack of incentives
(as well as competitive salary). It has been proved through research
that companies that offer incentive packages tailored to their employees
can help to reduce or eliminate turnover and can also attract new employees.
Disadvantages to this solution is the cost involved and thus is remains
second on the list after efforts to increase NASA funding.
The purpose of creating educational programs for young people is to
build an awareness of the profession of engineering and an interest in
the space program. Continuing education programs for employees will
help employees keep current in their field and also can in some cases engender
a sense of loyalty to the company that helps them to achieve.
Key characteristics of education initiatives include:
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Distance education programs for K-12 students in engineering
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One-on-one student mentoring programs with engineers
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Targeting students in middle school who are getting ready to choose a field
of study
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Opportunities for co-op programs at other NASA centers (currently JSC is
the only center that has co-op programs for undergraduate and graduate
students)
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Community outreach programs to under-served and minority populations such
as Native Americans, Hispanics and African American populations in urban
and rural regions
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Facilitating partnerships with other engineering and IT companies (such
as in the petroleum industry and computer companies) in education and outreach
endeavors
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Facilitating programs for students in schools that do not have any IT equipment
or exposure
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Bringing back the teacher in space program
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Subsizing continuing education courses for employees on a regular basis
NASA's Johnson Space Center is currently taking steps to use human space
flight to motivate and encourage students and teachers at all levels.
For example:
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High School Programs: Texas Aerospace Scholars Program, Science Advisors
Program, Longhorn Project
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Undergraduate Programs: Cooperative Education Program, KC-135 Student Flight
Opportunity Program
However, while many students are thus exposed to and encouraged to consider
engineering majors and careers, many co-ops when offered jobs at NASA and
with aerospace contractors still choose other companies because of more
competitive salaries. Congressional funding determines the competitiveness
of salaries funded by NASA and NASA dependent contractors. General
awareness in the community of what an engineer is and does, and how important
engineers are to keeping the US competitive internationally is still under
promoted. NASA is unable to use public relations as effectively in
promoting it’s own programs as it cannot advertise, however it can use
education television and education programs to increase the level of awareness
in the U.S. Contractors however are not restricted in their use of
advertising and also not as restricted in their salary offers for incoming
workers.
How are all of these recommendations related? Public relations
will help to increase public support which will in turn help to increase
funding. This will directly correlate into more money for ebtter
salaries and incentives. It will also build awareness of the profession
and encourage more students to consider engineering and aerospace.
These students and their teachers will get involved in more related educational
programs designed to continue to support this interest. Better salaries
will entice more graduates to choose these jobs. More incentives
including continuing education will help to retain employees. All of which
will result in a better product and more productivity which will of course
be able to be used for better PR and thus the cycle is complete. But how
to get the public excited about the space program? Since the Challenger
disaster this has been one of NASA's great missions.
The space program is currently in a phase of lower esteem than in years
past. Although the success of the Mars Pathfinder mission brought a great
deal of interest to the program, the failure of the last two missions has
undermined that enthusiasm somewhat. The country could benefit from
a major, technical project reminiscent of the race to the Moon in the 1960's.
Americans had little problem supporting the space program at that time
and the number of students graduating with engineering degrees skyrocketed.
Perhaps Americans tend to prefer that competitive edge over that of international
cooperation, and perhaps something more dramatic is needed to hold their
attention and drive their desire to explore. Sending humans to Mars
may likely be that magic bullet.
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